ILWON

Ilwon: government 9/5 Pretend you are starting your own country. What kind of government would you have? What’s important in government?

First of all, there must be a law or written document that every citizen should heed. Most will be stating the rights that one could pursuit. Addition to written law, there must also be an association with ultimate power in case some don’t follow the law. Basically, we need written law and people who will make sure the law is properly followed.

9/23 What rights do you believe should be guaranteed by the government?

Freedom of press should be granted by government because press is the one that conveys the current situation of the government. If press was to be regulated and limited, then there would not be a international relationship. For a better conveyance of government's plan to all citizens, freedom of press is needed.

10/2 (Bessemer process) I consider the cheap steel production had the biggest influence, because back then, steel was used to build many products from telephones to railroads. Especially, the production of cheap steel enabled the expansion of the transcontinental railroads. Thus it connected the entire United States districts through railroad networks.

opportunities & hardship Opportunities - new hope, improvement in life quality - better financial & cultural opportunities - escape from social problems in mother nation - more lands, send money back to home nation - benevolent societies Hardships - faced strict U.S. laws - poor housing - discrimination

Business changed a lot in the second half of the 19th century. People were able to produce a lot more things, so people had more stuff. New inventions helped people produce more things and make more money. Also corporations came about. The corporations dominated industry through trusts. The bigger ones like Carnegie Oil were able to eliminate the competition. Carnegie did some good things for the country. He believed in something called the Gospel of Wealth. This meant that rich people should help poor people. There were problems though with the new kind of business. There was little competition. Rich people like Pullman owned everything. This was hard for the worker because they didn ’ t get paid a lot. 1) Evaluate this essay. On a scale of one to ten how would your rate the quality of this essay? About 5, because it only contains structural information without any details. 2)  Think about the information given a. Did the student answer the entire question? Yes, the student answered all the questions, but only with basic minimal range. b. How thorough was the description? There was almost no description at all. Although student provided some examples, the wording was too vague. c. Did the student make a case and defend his/her argument with examples? The student only mentioned the names of the owners but didn’t elaborate each significant person. 3) Quality of examples a.  Did the student provide detailed examples that demonstrate knowledge of the issue? As I mentioned earlier he only mentioned the companies and the owners. “The bigger ones like Carnegie Oil” explain he had only one examples per answer. 4)  Was the information given in the essay accurate? Cannot assure that the information was accurate because the student used too much pronouns where he should have used detailed names to make his point clear.
 * Describe and evaluate the __rise of Big Business__ in the mid to late 1800**** ’ s. __How__ was business able to advance? What were the __positive__ and __negative__ results of the new business model?**

5) How well is the essay written over all? Does it address all parts of the question? Is it repetitive? Although the student addressed all some parts of the important points, he didn’t elaborated more and gave complete answer. --

“Let us Prey” 1. fat vultures with Tweed’s head, and some more besides him, standing on bones, corpses. 2. Boss Tweed 3. Necklace: wealth coat: wealth 4. Boss Tweed used up all the nations money; Tweed scavenges all the resources in New York; selfish, greedy Tweed 5. Public would agree with Nast 6. Inform public the Tweed Ring, even foreigners and

I choose reason number 3 &5

Since the United States had claimed its neutrality, the U.S. sold weapons to Great Britain and Germany. After one or couple years of war between Allied Power and Central Power, the German seems to be loosing the war. Also, there had been conflicts between the United States and Germany about unrestricted submarine warfare. So, the United States concentrated its weapon supply to Great Britain and lessened those with Germany. Although, the war seemed to be over soon, it lasted couple more years and the Great Britain ’ s debt to the United States grew bigger. As the United States started become worry about the Great Britain ’ s ’ war debt, the U.S. decided to lean toward the Allied Power and help Great Britain, so that Great Britain could pay back the war debt.

Although there had been revolutionary war, and many other skirmishes between the Great Britain and the United States, they share common culture, language, and traditions. If asked to take side between the Great Britain and Germany, the United States certainly would choose the Great Britain ’ s side. It is obvious that one would take sides on which the one knows better in natural state. To borrow statistics of the 2002 World Cup, most South Koreans said they preferred supporting North Korea to supporting the United States, even though South Korea has better diplomacy with the United States. The main reason might be because of the cultural, historical, and language ties between the nations. Same with the United States and Great Britain, it was natural that the United States would support the Great Britain.

U.S. vs. Soviet Union Soviet Union: 1. Is it a revenge for such treatment from the war? 2. You mentioned world peace and that capitalist powers for spheres of influence is the threat to the world peace. Then how does communism not a threat to world peace? conflicts are always against world peace. U.S. 1. You argued for freedom, but why would you not allow USSR to have freedom of ideology? 2. You mentioned world peace, but how can attacking USSR considered a peace?

  After Soviet Union and the United States had helped Korea’s independence from Japan after WWII, Korea was split in half by Soviet and U.S. zones. Although the division was meant to be temporary, the Cold War converted the line in permanent mark. Rise of Communism in North Korea and South Korea under U.S. support clashed and brought the Korean War, which shifted the line many miles up and down. In order to contain the spread of Communism, the United States countered the Communism from North Korea, and saved South Korea from turning into Communist country. In similar, Vietnam War was to contain Communism only in Northern Vietnam. With the support from the United States, Southern Vietnam was saved from the threat of turning into Communist country. Similar to what they did in Korean War, the U.S. troops counteracted against Communism in Northern Vietnam.  1) Compare CIA intervention in Guatemala and Iran to Eisenhower's handling of the Suez Crisis? Did the US act justly and according to its values? What were the motivations in each case? Which one do you think was handled better and why?
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Helvetica','sans-serif';">Explain what containment theory and the Truman Doctrine are. Briefly summarize the Korean War. In detail explain how it is an example of containment. Choose one other event from the text book, briefly summarize it and explain how it is an example of containment. **
 * <span style="font-weight: normal; color: black; font-family: 'Helvetica','sans-serif';">Truman Doctrine is a policy proposed by Harry S. Truman that aided Greece and Turkey financially. Truman sent $400 million and military and economic adviser to the two countries. In order to prevent the two countries from falling into Communist countries, Truman supported the policy. Such aid to Greece and Turkey was to contain the Communism and to prevent spreading of it. By supporting the two countries, the United States didn’t lose Greece and Turkey and could prevent spreading of Communism. **

Eisenhower first used Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) to collect information during the Cold War. CIA. The order given by Eisenhower to CIA and what CIA had done brought some controversial issues.

For a covert action in Iran, Eisenhower ordered CIA to cause military coup against the Iranian leader. Thus, Mosaddeq was captured and instead Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, a puppet leader who works for American government. After Jacobo Arbenza Guzman was democratically elected and nationalized British oil supplies, CIA noticed that Arbenza is leaning toward the communism and decided to pull him out of office. After so, a pro-U.S. government was established in Guatemala. As a result a bitter feeling toward the United States has grown bigger.

Although Eisenhower created CIA and utilized it efficiently, he also used diplomacy. When an Egyptian leader had nationalized the Suez Canal, the U.S. faced several possible problems including, insufficient supply of oil. Even though Israel, Britain and France intervened and seized the waterway, USSR soon warned them to not intervene. Following the UN resolution, Eisenhower urged the three nation to retrieve their military troops and Israel, France and Britain did so. As a result, USSR and Arab countries became closer. Worrying the possible spread of communism, Eisenhower counteracted by issuing Eisenhower Doctrine in January 1957, which supported any nation fighting against Communism with military aids.

In both cases, the United States was concerned of each country turning into communist nation. Thus, the United States took actions, but the means were different for each case. The United States acted more unfairly toward Guatemala than it did to Egypt. What the United States did to Guatemala happened covertly by CIA agencies, which Eisenhower came up with. CIA basically removed the leader and instead set pro-U.S. leader, which Guatemala could do nothing about. Even though the United states could get rid of communism immediately, the U.S. bought hatred from Guatemala citizens. On the other hand, Eisenhower dealt with Suez crisis much smoother. In stead of sending CIA agencies, Eisenhower instead issued Eisenhower doctrine whiche "offered" an aid to Egypt. In this case, the United States stayed neutral (not aggresive) and relied on Egypt's choice. Even though Suez crisis was more urgent issue, the United States handled it better.

2) <span style="font-size: 7pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">What was the significance of the Gary Powers incident on page 850?

The U-2 incident was a significant event that made the Cold War hotter. After Soviet Union and the United States had moved into a diplomatic relationship in late 1950s, Richard M. Nixon and Premier Khrushchev visited each other’s country and started to relieve the tension between. Also, Nixon and Khrushchev planned an arms reduction s on the next conference in Paris. However, in May 1960, USSR informed the U.S. of U-2 plane flying over Russia’s territory. The United States instead told Khrushchev that the plane was a weather-research plane that went off the track. The captured pilot, however, already admitted his purpose and USSR asked for an apology and to seize such action. Eisenhower, although admitted not to send such plane anymore, did not apologized for past events. Thus, Khrushchev refused the following conference with Nixon and the tension between the two countries grew worse again.

Research Question:
 * How did the OPEC influence U.S. economy in 1970s? What aftermath did the oil shock leave behind?

Equal treatment among different types of peopele.' - definately, it is quite hard to treat everyone equally. However, there is a place where everyone should be treated equally. Such case would be under law. It is in nature for people to get along with similar kinds of people. We should sometimes adjust ourselves to other groups of people. However, no one should be discarded of opportunity that everyone else get.

Key Excerpts from the majority opinion 1. Warren argued that education is the principle function of the state government and the instrument that leads children to realize cultural values, and preparation for further education. 2. Equality in tangble factors means to occupy equal facilities and materials. However, Warren is trying to review the effect of the segregation in education. 3. An opportunty which can lead a child to a success, must be available to everyone. Since, those who are discarded of having equal opportunity might also be denied of success in life, everyone should have equal opportunity of education. Also, the segregation might affect the heart and mind of those who are segregated. 4. Some Black might prefer persueing separate facilities, because they feel more comfortable with separate facilities. 5. The two separate groups of people will diverge extremely and occupy completele different lives. Probably, African Americans will suffer inferiority in education. 6. Some African American elders haven't received equal opportunity of education, and as a result they are baricated from entering higher status of living or occupations,**

Journal: Read quote on page 929. What does this tell you about the risks and resistance Black activists faced in working to get the vote. Is it worth it? What would you do in this situation? - Even with such protest to get the unhindered voting action, some Afican American avoided and ostracized those who protest because they feared what White men would do to them if they supported registering for the vote. He also risked his opportunity of getting jobs by protesting for voting registration. The protest for registration was worth doing because such protest was needed to make the city integrated. Any action needs its beginning and the beginning is often harsh and chaotic.

B) - US claim that they are protecting Southeast Asia nations. Also, US claimed that Northern Vietnamese attacked them first. - To support South Vietnamese and prevent Communism from spreading. Also, US claimed that they tried to guarantee sovereignty of - It gives the president Carte Blanche that allows Johnson to do whatever he wants - C) -

rooster 1. The song is about an American soldier in the Vietnam war. 2. Rooster can be Ho Chi Mihn,

Because he had memories about Soviet Union, the assasination of JFK and many feelings toward his nation, he wanted to support the Unted States. He also supported the bombing of Vietnam. He was inspired by the words of JFK and decided to join the army. Thus he joined the army as soon as his age was eligible for conscription.

-Basically, People's revolutionary party of Vietnam shows resentment toward the United States. They try to discard any intervention of US millitary. People's revolutionary party of Vietnam also argues for communistic government. They try to be independent from US intervention and promote reformation. People's revolutionary party of Vietnam also want to remove the US monopolistic culture and adopt nationalistic culture.

- What is the attitude towards the US in this document? People's revolutionary party of Vietnam shows strong resentment. - do you see anything "wrong " in this document? Meaning do the goals seem just? The goal seems just but somewhat contradicting. Although People's revolutionary party of Vietnam want to get rid of foreign bases but tries to establish diplomatic relationship. - who or what country do you think has the right to resist these goals, if anyone? The South Vietnamese had legit right to resist this goals because they consist the nation

The picture shows the the vulnerable Vietnamese under overwhelmingly stronger U.S. soldiers. The picture shows how the Vietnam War devastated Vietnamese including civilians. Most pictures about Vietnamese show the dead or sverely injured civilians. What the picture would influence Americans is that the war should have been only between soldiers and does not involve Vietnamese civilians. The photos about such brutal firing toward Vietnamese shocked people. Also, some photos delivering image of wounded soldiers gave Americans a feeling that US is loosing the war. The photos also stirred greater anti-war movements.

Watergate 1. Event: Nixon wiretapped conversation in the National Democratic Comittee, and ensured his presidency election. The worse part is that he lied even thought there was a video tape 2. Who? Nixon and the secret agencies formed by former FBI and CIA 3. Why? to ensure Nixon's presidency 4. Press? The press denounced Nixon for lying and discouraged people from pardoning him.

2. Bob and Carl tried to reveal the truth. So people questioned Nixon and requested for the tape, 3. Announcement of the White house tape 4. Saturday Night Massacre

How important is a free press in a democracy? Free press can be considered as one of the major features of a democracy. Since it is the public who chooses their representative, the public has the right to know waht their representatives are doing. This specifically applies to president of the United States.

What do you think the relationship is between the press and authority figures? We often see authority figures with press around him/her on the news. We can see that they always coexist. I'd say the press is an investigator who is sent to control and look out what the president is doing. Simply saying, it is not wrong to say that the president of the United States is the most powerful person. For any other ocupation, there are regulators above, such as boss of supervisor, but then the question is "who can regulate what the president is doing?" I think the press is the answer, because the only people who can regulate the president is the people who voted for him, which is basically the entire nation, and one of the way that the entire nation can know what the president is doing is through the press.

Think about Watergate and the Washington Post, also the reading we did in class. Should there be any restrictions on what newspapers can print? There shouldn't be any restrictions on press; at least one of the media type should guarantee unbiased naked truth of what the president is doing. However, it is important that the press is only responsible for revealing what president is doing under the name of "president," not any other figures. For instance, although it is good to know what the president has given to his grandson as a christmas gift, but it is not press' duty to unveil it. In case of watergate, it was definately necessary to unveil what the pressident was trying to hide.

Should newspapers be able to report without revealing their sources? Why or why not? Is this important? The newspapers should be able to report without revealing their sources, under the condition that some authoritative figure guarantees the validity of the sources. Citing source is only necessary to let readers know if the source is valid or not. However, if there is one figure who would represent the newspaper and guarantee the validity of the sources, then the newspaper may report news withough revealing sources. Althought it is better to reveal the sources, it is sometimes necessary to conceal the origin of sources becuase the actual source provider could be endangered by violating the providers' privacy. I think the right of whether to reveal the sources or not resides to the source providers.

Feminism definition: A commitment or movement that sought for equal economic, social, and political rights and to end any form of sexism. A movement or political theory for sexual equality not only limited to political rights but also economical and social rights.

What conclusions can you draw about Republicans and Democrats? - Generally speaking, Republicans are conservative and does not want change of shift in original American values. Most of the southern states are republicans, and republicans value old America which they have been taught when they were young. Republicans prefer free market, where there's no government intervention. On the other hand, Democrats want reforms in their values. Democrats want government's help. Republicans are more concerned about the entire nation, domestic economy, and the ideology, while democrats are more concerned about individual status and individual's wealth.

Give a one paragraph summary for each. - Dave K. is a supporter of the republican party. He supports republican fiscal policy, which provides low tax, and free market. He also supports consevative social ideas, such as strict interpretation of judicial system, anti-abortion, strong national defense, and strong states power. Peter W. is a supporter of the democratic party. He values democrats general principle and platform. He supports good international realationship with other nations. However, he, like Dave K, also follows conservative fiscal policy.

Describe one thing about these interviews that surprised you. - One of the question was how did they differ from what they belong to. I thought both were strong supporters of republican and democrats but they acutally explained well how they cannot be what they belong to as well. For instance, Peter was not like regular democrats in a way that he supported conservative fiscal policy. Dave also seems to be against no guns regulation.

How does each interviewee fit and Not fit into the typical party member? - Peter supports conservative fiscal policy and many traditional valued. Peter although a supporter of Republican party, does not think that access to guns should be unfettered. Most republicans would have supported free purchase of guns. However, Peter was a little bit different in that he is not a stereotyped republican person. Dave supports democrats, which value good international relationships. He also supports many of the radical ideas such as gay marriage, gun control, pro-life. Dave ,although supports democrats, actually supports conservative fiscal policy. I think both Peter and Dave well managed and expressed their point of view and it was quite frank that how they do not fit into the typical party member as well.